Children, dogs and oxytocin: a breakthrough in HAI research

At the Waltham Petcare Science Institute (WPSI), we are dedicated to advancing scientific understanding of human-animal interaction (HAI). 

Until now, little has been known about the biological mechanics at work during these interactions. 

Now, a new study supported by Waltham Petcare Science Institute published in Psychoneuroendocrinology, offers a biological explanation for the stress-reducing benefits of the child-dog bond: effects on oxytocin levels.

Oxytocin, commonly referred to as ‘the love hormone’, is associated with positive emotions, the reduction of stress and the formation of social bonds.

Among other measures, oxytocin levels were recorded in the study in the urine and saliva of 55 children (aged 8 to 10 years old) and 54 dogs before and after they interacted.

Interactions took place under two conditions: children interacted with their pet dog and an unfamiliar dog. Oxytocin levels were also measured as the children engaged in solitary play.  

After analysing the results, Gnanadesikan et al concluded: 

• Interaction with dogs led to higher oxytocin levels in children compared to solitary play
• Both familiar and unfamiliar dog interactions had these effects on children.
• Interactions with familiar children may also stimulate oxytocin release in dogs. Dogs’ cortisol concentrations also decreased markedly from before to after these interactions. 

A first for HAI research  

As well as adding to our growing body of evidence of the benefits of child-dog, interactions, this research goes one step further to provide insight about the biology underlying these benefits.  As the researchers say themselves: 

“To our knowledge, this study provides the first evidence for an effect of affiliative social interactions with dogs on oxytocin concentrations in children.” 

Also, while previous research has examined the benefits of HAI to either humans or dogs, this is one of few studies to simultaneously investigate the benefits to both. 

Towards a heathier, happier future for children and pets 

This new research highlights the potential role dogs can play in the social and emotional development of children and the mutual benefit for pets more broadly. It also strengthens the importance of our continued research into the human and animal bond in pursuit of our Purpose: A BETTER WORLD FOR PETS.